Journal of Electronics, Computer Networking and Applied Mathematics (JECNAM) ISSN : 2799-1156

A Tool for Converting Text to Braille Script to Empower Readability for Blind People

2024-03-13T08:49:54+00:00

The utilization of Braille patterns has long been instrumental in facilitating literacy among visually impaired individuals, enabling them to decipher alphabets and numerals through tactile means. In this project, an innovative integration of Braille and servo motor technology is employed to render electronic text accessible to individuals with visual impairments. Each character within an electronic file is systematically translated into its corresponding Braille representation, with servo motors dynamically facilitating the tactile presentation of these patterns. Upon receiving input, the system activates the necessary servo motors, causing them to rotate 90 degrees above the surface, thereby bringing the Braille representations into physical contact with the user. To read the content, individuals simply touch these servo motors, allowing them to sense and interpret the encoded alphabetic or numeric information. This approach not only enhances accessibility but also promotes independent literacy among visually impaired individuals. By combining Braille with servo motor technology, this project offers a promising solution for overcoming barriers to information access, fostering inclusivity, and empowering individuals with visual impairments to engage with electronic text effectively.

Synergistic Integration of Advanced Control Strategies for Comprehensive PID Controller Tuning using MATLAB

2024-03-20T07:16:06+00:00

This study investigates the impact of Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) tuning on system performance through comprehensive measurements before and after tuning. The parameters analyzed include rise-time, settling-time, overshoot, undershoot, and peak time. Prior to tuning, the system exhibited significant deficiencies, characterized by prolonged rise and settling times, substantial overshoot and undershoot, and extended peak time. Following PID tuning, notable improvements were observed across all parameters. The rise time and settling time were dramatically reduced, indicating a faster system response and improved stability. Moreover, overshoot and undershoot were effectively minimized, leading to greater accuracy and precision in the system's output. These findings underscore the efficacy of PID tuning in optimizing system performance and achieving desired control objectives.

Optimization of Problems with Multi-Objective Functions and their Applications in Engineering

2024-03-20T07:19:53+00:00

Many real-world optimization issues typically have multiple competing goals. There is generally no solution in those multi-objective optimization problems that optimizes all objective functions at the same time. Rather, "efficient" in terms of all objective function’s solutions known as Pareto optimum solutions are presented. We typically have a large number of Pareto-optimal options. As a result, we must choose a final solution from among Pareto optimal solutions while considering the objective function balance; this process is known as "trade-off analysis." It is not hyperbole to state that trade-off analysis is the most crucial task in multi-objective optimization. As a result, the methodology's ease of use and comprehension for trade-off analysis should be highlighted. The set of Pareto optimal solutions in the objective function space, or Pareto frontier, can be represented somewhat simply in circumstances when there are two or three objective functions. We can fully understand the trade-off relationship between objectives when we see Pareto boundaries. Thus, in scenarios with two or three objectives, it would be the most appropriate technique to represent Pareto borders. Reading the trade-off relationship between objectives with three dimensions, however, may be challenging. Nonetheless, Pareto frontier cannot be represented in situations where there are more than three objectives. In this case, interactive techniques can assist us in performing a local trade-off analysis that reveals a "certain" Pareto optimal option. Many techniques have been devised, with variations in which the Pareto optimal solution is displayed. The main concerns of such multi-objective optimization techniques, especially as they relate to engineering design problems, are covered in this study.

Fuzzy logic Based Seagull Optimization Algorithm for Efficiency and Security in Wireless Sensor Networks

2024-03-20T08:38:03+00:00

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) find applications in diverse fields such as environmental monitoring, healthcare, and industrial control systems. The pivotal components of these networks are the sensor nodes, which, unfortunately, consume a substantial amount of energy when transmitting information directly to the base station (BS). To mitigate energy consumption associated with direct transmission, this paper proposes a two-phase approach utilizing hybrid clustering and routing algorithms. The proposed approach incorporates fuzzy and seagull techniques for clustering and adopts optimal CH (cluster head) selection, CBRP (Cluster-Based Routing Protocol), and AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) for secure routing. The system employs rule-based fuzzy logic to correlate input values in both clustering and routing algorithms. Decision-making is based on factors such as the residual energy of sensor nodes, distance from the BS, and the number of nodes within the communication range. Input variables' crisp values are transformed into diverse fuzzy values, and the fuzzy output values are converted back to crisp values using the centroid defuzzification method. Selection of cluster heads and routers is determined by the output values, with sensor nodes being allocated to respective cluster heads based on their load-handling capacity. The routing path is then generated considering the capacity of routers. Simulations are conducted to evaluate energy consumption, active sensor nodes per round, and the sustainability period of the network. This proposed hybrid clustering and routing system aim to enhance the overall efficiency of wireless sensor networks by optimizing energy consumption and ensuring secure data transmission. The optimization model identifies the most suitable nodes in the routing cycle, starting with chosen cluster heads. The overarching goal is to enhance network indicators, including network lifespan, power consumption per node, and packet delivery percentage. The proposed solution achieved a network lifetime of 100 hours and a data delivery rate of 98%. additionally, it consumed the least amount of energy, measuring at 95,000 joules.

An Exhaustive and Methodical Analysis of Literature Pertaining To Technigues for Managing Big Data within the Context of the Internet of Things

2024-03-29T05:03:14+00:00

The merging of big data and the Internet of Things (IoT) has brought both exceptional difficulties and possibilities in data management. This study offers a thorough and methodical examination of the current literature on large data management approaches inside the Internet of Things framework. The study encompasses a broad spectrum of inquiry, ranging from fundamental notions to sophisticated approaches. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a powerful force that seeks to improve user experience and lifestyle. It incorporates several essential technologies including human-machine and machine-to machine communications, networking technologies, and sensor technologies. Fundamental to the success of the Internet of Things is the effective management of data transmitted through these technologies. This article explores the issues and challenges associated with data management in the context of the Internet of Things and examines different aspects of data, including its sources, collection processes, processing methods, and transmission devices. The article identifies and discusses problems arising from the need to process huge amounts of heterogeneous data in different systems. In relation to these issues, the logical and physical aspects of data management and communications networks are discussed. Additionally, the article takes an in-depth look at the data models used in IoT and explores data management, cleansing, and indexing techniques that take into account the unique characteristics of IoT data. The final sections of the paper comprehensively discuss the benefits and limitations associated with data management in IoT.