Research Ethics & Human Subjects Protection Policy

Research Ethics and Human Subjects Protection

All research involving human participants, patient data, or identifiable health information must be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and applicable national regulations. Authors are required to comply with the following requirements:

Ethics Approval: All studies involving human participants must have received approval from an Institutional Review Board (IRB) or Research Ethics Committee (REC). The name of the approving body and the approval reference number must be stated in the Methods section of the manuscript.

Informed Consent: Authors must confirm that written informed consent was obtained from all participants (or their legally authorised representatives) prior to study commencement. For studies involving retrospective data, waivers of consent must be documented. Where patient images, case data, or identifiable information is included, explicit consent for publication must be obtained and documented.

Patient Anonymisation: Patient identity must be protected. Identifying information (name, date of birth, hospital record number, photographs enabling facial recognition) must be removed or anonymised. In case reports, sufficient details must be changed to prevent identification while preserving clinical accuracy.

Animal Research: Studies involving animal experiments must comply with institutional guidelines and national regulations. The name of the approving committee and the approval number must be stated. JNRPSP follows the ARRIVE guidelines for reporting animal research.

Manuscripts that do not comply with these requirements will be rejected without peer review. For guidance on ethics approval, authors may consult the COPE guidelines on research and publication ethics (https://publicationethics.org).