RETRACTION, CORRECTION & EXPRESSION OF CONCERN POLICY

Corrections, Retractions & Expressions of Concern

IJRISE is committed to maintaining the completeness and integrity of the published scientific record. All post-publication changes follow the COPE Retraction Guidelines (https://publicationethics.org/retraction-guidelines).

Corrections

A correction notice will be published when:

  • An author discovers a significant factual error that does not affect the scientific conclusions
  • The editors identify an error introduced during production
  • Authorship changes are required after publication

Correction notices are published as separate, citable items linked bidirectionally to the original article. The original article is updated online with a prominent notice.

Retractions

A published article will be retracted when:

  • Findings are found to be unreliable due to honest error, data fabrication, falsification, or major methodological flaws
  • The work constitutes duplicate or redundant publication without proper disclosure
  • The work has been plagiarised from another source
  • The research was conducted without required ethical approvals or informed consent
  • Authors have engaged in research misconduct that undermines the integrity of the findings

Retracted articles are NOT removed from the journal website. They are clearly marked “RETRACTED” in the article title, abstract, and full text, along with the date and reason for retraction. The full text remains accessible.

Expression of Concern

The editors may publish an Expression of Concern when an investigation into potential misconduct is ongoing and a final determination has not yet been reached.