Poetic structures and cultural reflection in tigsik: exploring the bicol’s oral poetry

Abstract

This study explored the poetical elements, common themes, and cultural significance of tigsik in Bicol, focusing on how it reflects the lifestyle of Bicolanos. Employing qualitative research techniques such as thematic and discourse analysis, data were gathered from deliberately chosen teachers and students in specific municipalities of Camarines Sur. To maintain validity, methods like peer debriefing, member checking, and audit trails were utilized. Results showed that tigsik generally contains four-line stanzas that lack a set syllabic structure but utilize rhymes, rhyme patterns, alliteration, assonance, and consonance, enriching its expressive nature. The tigsik compositions and participant narratives revealed six major themes: love, family as a blessing, companionship, salvation, optimism, hope during the pandemic, and faith in God. These themes emphasize Bicolanos' cultural identity and enhance the experiences of readers and listeners by reflecting their values, customs, work ethic, and social behaviors. The researchers advise using local resources in literature instruction to increase cultural awareness and encouraging tigsik writing in Bicol schools to preserve regional literature and culture.