Design of a Solar Distillation Still Model with Backup Heat from Biomass

Abstract

Water borne pathogens caused series of diseases, and millions died each year. Therefore, availability of safe drinking water and good water sanitation is of great global importance, while this can be done through solar still distillation. The distillation process is one of the technologies for water processing and purification, and solar energy is the main source of energy that used to energize the process. Therefore, in this paper, a solar distillation still with back-up heat from Biomass has been designed with basin area of 1.045 m2 (1290 mm x 810 mm). However, various design equation were utilized during the design process. The energy requirement for evaporating water is 226 0kJ/kg. This implies that much heat energy is required to produce 1 litre of pure. For this reason, a collector of 1.044m2 area was used. This will provide sufficient energy for distillation process. The solution obtained from the Polymath 5.0 software, shows that, the day is not as intrinsic as the solution for the night. This might be due to supply of heat as concentrated heat unlike for the day when the heating increased relatively gently. It is hereby recommended that more of the machine should be develop and made available in the market to enhance a safer and more sanitize drinking water for the society.