Grid Synchronization Failure Detection on Sensing the Frequency and Voltage beyond the Ranges

Abstract

The goal of this project is to create a tool that can sense frequency and voltage deviations in order to identify whether an external power source has lost sync with the power grid. Hydroelectric, thermal, solar, and other forms of renewable energy are only some of the sources that feed the system and ultimately the load. These power plants must meet all grid regulations when supplying electricity. Central Electricity Agency of India Regulations of 2010 state that the system power should fluctuate by no more than 5% and that the rate of operation should be kept as near to 50 Hz as possible while not exceeding the range of 49.2 to 50.3 Hz in any case. Limits on voltage and frequency swings are part of these guidelines. If a feeder's voltage or current goes outside the safe range for the grid, the feeder must be isolated, or "islanded," from the rest of the system. This avoids widespread power interruptions of any kind. To prevent a total collapse of the grid, it is desirable to have a mechanism that can issue a warning in advance.