A theoretical synthesis paper on: impact on parents having a child with autism spectrum disorder

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition that has sparkedextensive research and theoretical exploration over the decades. This paper synthesizes history and prominent theories underlying the etiology and characteristics of ASD, including the Theoryof Mind (ToM), the Executive Dysfunction Theory, the Weak Central Coherence Theory, and the Enhanced Perceptual Functioning Model. By integrating insights from psychological, biological, and social perspectives, the paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of ASD’s multifaceted nature. Additionally, implications for intervention and future research are discussed. Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods are used to identify the result of studies. Additionally, the research studies are based on models of theories and concept and history related to ASD.. There are number of research done in impacts on parents having child with Autism Spectrum Disorder based on different models. Some are theory based and some are concept based. Though there are multiple researches are obtained on impacts on parents having child with ASD, the studies are lack to identify the impacts on parents having child with ASD in Nepal.Despite significant advances in the study of ASD, its etiology and mechanisms remain only partially understood. Over the years, various theories have emerged to explain different aspects of the disorder. This synthesis paper examines these theories to present a holistic understanding ASD and highlight areas for further exploration.