Orofacial Pain and its Association with Various Disorders

Abstract

Due to the complex innervation and function of the facial tissues, identifying and treating face pain may be a very difficult and frustrating procedure. Even if they have had a variety of medicines, patients who have experienced prolonged facial discomfort should routinely undergo thorough reevaluation and clinical reexamination. Myofascial pain syndromes, temporomandibular disorders (TMD), neuralgias, ENT illnesses, dental pain, tumors, neurovascular pain, and mental illnesses frequently have symptoms that overlap. Diagnosis is generally more difficult in cases of severe, acute, and referred pain. It is well known that dental pain can travel to other regions of the face and imitate pain from other sources because of the sensitivity of neurons in the central nervous system. The consequences of this include subsequent hyperactivity in the muscles nearby the afflicted location, among other things. Since this is the case, eliminating the primary source of the pain is essential; yet, in the case of chronic pain, this is not always sufficient to reduce the discomfort. An incorrect therapy that is also ineffective might result in persistent or chronic discomfort. It is essential to be aware of the secondary pain processes linked to craniofacial pain in order to make an accurate diagnosis.